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Excessive glucocorticoid levels resulting from administration as a drug or hyperadrenocorticism have effects on many systems. Some examples include inhibition of bone formation, suppression of calcium absorption (both of which can lead to osteoporosis ), delayed wound healing, muscle weakness, and increased risk of infection.
The glucocorticoid activity of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone is very weak (>100-fold less than that of cortisol). [1] The above list includes precursors and intermediates in corticosteroid biosynthesis.
Synthetic pharmaceutical drugs with corticosteroid-like effects are used in a variety of conditions, ranging from hematological neoplasms [3] to brain tumors or skin diseases. Dexamethasone and its derivatives are almost pure glucocorticoids, while prednisone and its derivatives have some mineralocorticoid action in addition to the ...
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Antiglucocorticoid drugs are a class of medications that act to reduce the effects of glucocorticoids, primarily cortisol, in the body. [1] They include direct glucocorticoid receptor antagonists such as mifepristone and synthesis inhibitors such as metyrapone, ketoconazole, and aminoglutethimide. They are used to treat Cushing's syndrome. [2]
Fluticasone propionate, sold under the brand names Flovent and Flonase among others, is a glucocorticoid steroid medication. [8] When inhaled it is used for the long term management of asthma and COPD. [8] In the nose it is used for hay fever and nasal polyps. [9] [10] It can also be used for mouth ulcers. [11] It works by decreasing inflammation.
Micrograph of fatty liver, as may be seen due to long-term prednisone use. Trichrome stain.. Short-term side effects, as with all glucocorticoids, include high blood glucose levels (especially in patients with diabetes mellitus or on other medications that increase blood glucose, such as tacrolimus) and mineralocorticoid effects such as fluid retention. [24]
Drugs such as morphine or codeine can be used to relieve diarrhoea this way. A notable opioid for the purpose of relief of diarrhoea is loperamide which is only an agonist of the μ opioid receptors in the large intestine and does not have opioid affects in the central nervous system as it doesn't cross the blood–brain barrier in significant ...