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A structure similar to LCGs, but not equivalent, is the multiple-recursive generator: X n = (a 1 X n−1 + a 2 X n−2 + ··· + a k X n−k) mod m for k ≥ 2. With a prime modulus, this can generate periods up to m k −1, so is a useful extension of the LCG structure to larger periods.
For LCS(R 2, C 1), A is compared with A. The two elements match, so A is appended to ε, giving (A). For LCS(R 2, C 2), A and G do not match, so the longest of LCS(R 1, C 2), which is (G), and LCS(R 2, C 1), which is (A), is used. In this case, they each contain one element, so this LCS is given two subsequences: (A) and (G).
A multiple of a number is the product of that number and an integer. For example, 10 is a multiple of 5 because 5 × 2 = 10, so 10 is divisible by 5 and 2. Because 10 is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both 5 and 2, it is the least common multiple of 5 and 2.
In mathematics and computer science, Recamán's sequence [1] [2] is a well known sequence defined by a recurrence relation. Because its elements are related to the previous elements in a straightforward way, they are often defined using recursion .
In mathematics and computer science, mutual recursion is a form of recursion where two mathematical or computational objects, such as functions or datatypes, are defined in terms of each other. [1] Mutual recursion is very common in functional programming and in some problem domains, such as recursive descent parsers, where the datatypes are ...
s −2 = 1, t −2 = 0 s −1 = 0, t −1 = 1. Using this recursion, Bézout's integers s and t are given by s = s N and t = t N, where N + 1 is the step on which the algorithm terminates with r N+1 = 0. The validity of this approach can be shown by induction. Assume that the recursion formula is correct up to step k − 1 of the algorithm; in ...
Thus the first reduction step produces a value at most m + a − 1 ≤ 2m − 2 = 2 e+1 − 4. This is an ( e + 1)-bit number, which can be greater than m (i.e. might have bit e set), but the high half is at most 1, and if it is, the low e bits will be strictly less than m .
In mathematics (including combinatorics, linear algebra, and dynamical systems), a linear recurrence with constant coefficients [1]: ch. 17 [2]: ch. 10 (also known as a linear recurrence relation or linear difference equation) sets equal to 0 a polynomial that is linear in the various iterates of a variable—that is, in the values of the elements of a sequence.