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In biological morphology and anatomy, a sulcus (pl.: sulci) is a furrow or fissure (Latin fissura, pl.: fissurae). It may be a groove, natural division, deep furrow, elongated cleft, or tear in the surface of a limb or an organ, most notably on the surface of the brain , but also in the lungs , certain muscles (including the heart ), as well as ...
Meaning Origin language and etymology Example(s) capill-of or pertaining to hair Latin capillus, hair capillus: capit-pertaining to the head as a whole Latin caput, capit-, the head capitation, decapitation carcin-cancer: Greek καρκίνος (karkínos), crab carcinoma: cardi-of or pertaining to the heart: Greek καρδία (kardía), heart ...
Axial sulcus develops in the long axis of a rapidly growing homogeneous area e.g. postcalcarine sulcus in the long axis of the striate area. Operculated sulcus separates by its lips into two areas and contains a third area in the walls of the sulcus e.g. lunate sulcus is an operculated sulcus, separating the striate and parastriate areas.
A gyrus is an outward folding of the brain, for example the precentral gyrus. A sulcus is an inward fold, or valley in the brain's surface - for example the central sulcus. Additional terms used to describe these may include: Annectent gyrus, for a small gyrus hidden in the depth of a sulcus; sulcal fundus, for the bottom of a sulcus, an inward ...
The main discussion of these abbreviations in the context of drug prescriptions and other medical prescriptions is at List of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions. Some of these abbreviations are best not used, as marked and explained here.
Sulcus" is a Latin word that means a furrow or groove, commonly used to mean a fold, fissure or furrow of the brain (example: lateral sulcus). [ 13 ] [ 14 ] In popular usage the area is commonly referred to as a cleavage of breasts .
This is due to the role of the central sulcus in separating the primary motor cortex and primary somatosensory cortex. [7] For example, differences along the central sulcus have been reported in musicians, particularly with regard to an omega formation along the center portion of the central sulcus, commonly referred to as the "hand knob". [12]
Polymicrogyria (meaning "many small gyri") is a developmental malformation of the human brain characterized by excessive folding of the gyri and a thickening of the cerebral cortex. [10] It may be generalized, affecting the whole surface of the cerebral cortex or may be focal, affecting only parts of the surface.