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  2. Polarization (waves) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(waves)

    Polarized light with its electric field along the plane of incidence is thus denoted p-polarized, while light whose electric field is normal to the plane of incidence is called s-polarized. P-polarization is commonly referred to as transverse-magnetic (TM), and has also been termed pi-polarized or π-polarized, or tangential plane polarized.

  3. Plane of polarization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_of_polarization

    Fig. 1: Field vectors (E, D, B, H) and propagation directions (ray and wave-normal) for linearly-polarized plane electromagnetic waves in a non-magnetic birefringent crystal. [1] The plane of vibration, containing both electric vectors (E & D) and both propagation vectors, is sometimes called the "plane of polarization" by modern authors.

  4. Optical rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_rotation

    Dextrorotation and laevorotation (also spelled levorotation) [1] [2] in chemistry and physics are the optical rotation of plane-polarized light.From the point of view of the observer, dextrorotation refers to clockwise or right-handed rotation, and laevorotation refers to counterclockwise or left-handed rotation.

  5. Polarimetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarimetry

    Plane polarized light: According to the wave theory of light, an ordinary ray of light is considered to be vibrating in all planes of right angles to the direction of its propagation. If this ordinary ray of light is passed through a nicol prism, the emergent ray has its vibration only in one plane.

  6. Brewster's angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewster's_angle

    Polarized sunglasses use a sheet of polarizing material to block horizontally-polarized light and thus reduce glare in such situations. These are most effective with smooth surfaces where specular reflection (thus from light whose angle of incidence is the same as the angle of reflection defined by the angle observed from) is dominant, but even ...

  7. Polarizer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarizer

    Light polarized in the plane is said to be p-polarized, while that polarized perpendicular to it is s-polarized. At a special angle known as Brewster's angle , no p -polarized light is reflected from the surface, thus all reflected light must be s -polarized, with an electric field perpendicular to the plane of incidence.

  8. Elliptical polarization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptical_polarization

    An elliptically polarized wave may be resolved into two linearly polarized waves in phase quadrature, with their polarization planes at right angles to each other. Since the electric field can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise as it propagates, elliptically polarized waves exhibit chirality .

  9. Photon polarization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon_polarization

    A birefringent crystal is a material that has an optic axis with the property that the light has a different index of refraction for light polarized parallel to the axis than it has for light polarized perpendicular to the axis. Light polarized parallel to the axis are called "extraordinary rays" or "extraordinary photons", while light ...