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Transformation problem: The transformation problem is the problem specific to Marxist economics, and not to economics in general, of finding a general rule by which to transform the values of commodities based on socially necessary labour time into the competitive prices of the marketplace. The essential difficulty is how to reconcile profit in ...
Capital as Power documents, among other things, the neoclassical economics project as a theoretical enterprise aiming to separate economics from politics. In earlier work dating from 2000, the authors had, under the heading of capital accumulation, traced that separation to the rise of industrial capitalism in the later 18th century. [4]
The earlier term for the discipline was "political economy", but since the late 19th century, it has commonly been called "economics". [22] The term is ultimately derived from Ancient Greek οἰκονομία (oikonomia) which is a term for the "way (nomos) to run a household (oikos)", or in other words the know-how of an οἰκονομικός (oikonomikos), or "household or homestead manager".
Doughnut Economics: Seven Ways to Think Like a 21st-Century Economist is a 2017 non-fiction book by Oxford economist Kate Raworth. [1] The book elaborates on her concept of doughnut economics , first developed in her 2012 paper, A Safe and Just Space for Humanity .
Karl Marx; Das Kapital, 1867; Das Kapital on Wikisource; Annotations, Explanations and Clarifications to Capital.; Description: A political-economic treatise by Karl Marx.Marx wrote this critical analysis of capitalism and of the political economy from the perspective of historical materialism, the view that history can be understood as a sequence of modes of production in which exploiting ...
The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel [2] [3] [4] (Swedish: Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne), is an economics award funded by Sveriges Riksbank [5] and administered by the Nobel Foundation.
Paper 2 (40 marks at SL and 60 marks at HL, both weighed to 35%, 1 hour 20 minutes at SL, 2 hours at HL) - This paper assesses knowledge on the optional themes studied. Essentially, SL and HL students sit the same paper except that SL candidates answer two questions and HL candidates answer three from the themes studied, for 20 marks each.
The WIPR covers a theme related to intellectual property and innovation. The report draws on commissioned background papers from specialized economists. The content of the report typically includes case studies, innovation and industrial policy reviews and IP trends.