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Note that the dimensionless stress concentration factor is a function of the geometry shape and independent of its size. [4] These factors can be found in typical engineering reference materials. Stress concentration around an elliptical hole in a plate in tension. E. Kirsch derived the equations for the elastic stress distribution around a hole.
In fracture mechanics, the stress intensity factor (K) is used to predict the stress state ("stress intensity") near the tip of a crack or notch caused by a remote load or residual stresses. [1] It is a theoretical construct usually applied to a homogeneous, linear elastic material and is useful for providing a failure criterion for brittle ...
For all notch types, a key parameter in governing stress concentration and failure in notched materials is the notch tip curvature or radius. [ 1 ] Sharp tipped V-shaped notches are often used in standard fracture toughness testing for ductile materials, polymers and for the characterization of weld strength.
This would be considered a stress singularity, which is not possible in real-world applications. For this reason, in numerical studies in the field of fracture mechanics, it is often appropriate to represent cracks as round tipped notches, with a geometry dependent region of stress concentration replacing the crack-tip singularity. [9]
Any pair of coordinates that differ from (,) by constant multiples of equal absolute value are also isomorphic with respect to principal stress space. As an example, pressure = / and the Von Mises stress = are not an isomorphic coordinate pair and, therefore, distort the yield surface because
As an example, let's assume we have a state of stress with stress components ,, ,, and ,, as shown on Figure 7. First, we can draw a line from point B {\displaystyle B} parallel to the plane of action of σ x {\displaystyle \sigma _{x}} , or, if we choose otherwise, a line from point A {\displaystyle A} parallel to the plane of action of σ y ...
For example, according to ASTM E399, the maximum stress intensity K max should be no larger than 0.6 during the initial stage and less than 0.8 when crack approaches its final size. [ 14 ] In certain cases grooves are machined into the sides of a fracture toughness specimen so that the thickness of the specimen is reduced to a minimum of 80% of ...
Eq. 2 is the cumulative Weibull distribution with scale parameter and shape parameter ; = [^ ()] = constant factor depending on the structure geometry, = structure volume; = relative (size-independent) coordinate vectors, ^ = dimensionless stress field (dependent on geometry), scaled so that the maximum stress be 1; = number of spatial ...