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While a number of biblical place names like Jerusalem, Athens, Damascus, Alexandria, Babylon and Rome have been used for centuries, some have changed over the years. Many place names in the Land of Israel, Holy Land and Palestine are Arabised forms of ancient Hebrew and Canaanite place-names used during biblical times [1] [2] [3] or later Aramaic or Greek formations.
Amarna (/ ə ˈ m ɑːr n ə /; Arabic: العمارنة, romanized: al-ʿAmārna) is an extensive ancient Egyptian archaeological site containing the remains of what was the capital city during the late Eighteenth Dynasty.
Canaan [i] [1] [2] was a Semitic-speaking civilization and region of the Southern Levant in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BC.Canaan had significant geopolitical importance in the Late Bronze Age Amarna Period (14th century BC) as the area where the spheres of interest of the Egyptian, Hittite, Mitanni, and Assyrian Empires converged or overlapped.
The Amarna letters (/ ə ˈ m ɑːr n ə /; sometimes referred to as the Amarna correspondence or Amarna tablets, and cited with the abbreviation EA, for "El Amarna") are an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between the Egyptian administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru, or ...
Mentioned as a Canaanite city in the Amarna Letters, it later appears in the Hebrew Bible as the first capital of the Kingdom of Israel following the split of the United Monarchy. [2] According to Joshua 21:20–21, it was located in the tribal territorial allotment of the tribe of Ephraim.
Amarna Tomb 14: May [4] General of the Lord of the Two Lands, etc. Amarna Tomb 15: Suti [1] Standard-bearer of the company of Neferkheprure-Waenre (Akhenaten) Amarna Tomb 16: unknown: Amarna Tomb 17: unknown: Amarna Tomb 18: unknown [4] Only the facade of the tomb was completed Amarna Tomb 19: Satau [4] Treasurer of the Lord of the Two Lands ...
During the Amarna Period (c. 1350 BCE), several letters were written to the pharaoh and were discovered as part of the Amarna archive. It is mentioned in the Amarna letters as Lakisha/Lakiša (EA 287, 288, 328, 329, 335). During the 20th Dynasty of Egypt, the empire of the New Kingdom of Egypt started to lose its control in the Southern Levant.
The Amarna letters mention kings of Gezer swearing loyalty to the Egyptian pharaoh. [2] Gezer is mentioned in the victory stele of Merneptah , dating from the end of the 13th century BCE, which states: "Plundered is the Canaan with every evil; carried off is Ashkelon ; seized upon is Gezer; Yanoam is made as that which does not exist; Israel is ...