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Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum (common names: split-leaf philodendron, [1] lacy tree philodendron, selloum, horsehead philodendron, [2] guaimbé [citation needed]) is a plant in the genus Thaumatophyllum, in the family Araceae. Previously it was classified in the genus Philodendron within subgenus Meconostigma.
In spring it has yellow flowers, in summer it provides foliage and shade, in fall the leaves turn bright yellow, and the textured bark and winding branches add interest in the winter. The female bears black drupes that attract birds and other wildlife through the late fall and winter.
The philodendron, in turn, obtains nutrients from the surrounding ant nest, and the aggressive nature of the ants serves to protect the plant from other insects which would eat it. [ 7 ] Secondary hemiepiphytes start life on the ground or on part of a tree trunk very close to the ground, where the seeds sprout.
Philodendron melanochrysum is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae, endemic to the wet Andean foothills of Colombia, growing at approximately 500m above sea level in the provinces of Chocó and Antioquia but widely cultivated elsewhere as an ornamental. [2] [3] [4]
Philodendron pedatum is a species of plant in the genus Philodendron native to South America from Colombia to southeast Brazil. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It grows in wet tropical forests and like many in the genus, has a climbing growth habit.
Thaumatophyllum xanadu is a species of the genus Thaumatophyllum, which previously was the self-heading Meconostigma subgenus of Philodendron. "It differs from all other species of Meconostigma in details of the sexual parts of its spadix, the shape of the leaf scars on the rhizomes, shape of leaf blade, intravaginal squamules, etc".
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Philodendron spiritus-sancti is a species of plant in the genus Philodendron native to the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo, which is the origin of its scientific name. [1] [2] A member of the section Macrobelium, it has cordate foliage that can grow up to 57–63 centimetres (22–25 in) long. [3]