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Ballasts for sign lighting in the United States, are heavier duty than other ballasts because the cooler outdoor temperatures increase the energy required to start a fluorescent tube. They are sized based on the total tube length used. Typical European 230V series choke ballast 40W T12 or 36W T8 fluorescent lamps.
T5 retrofit conversion can maintain existing lighting levels with the higher efficiency of the T5 lamp. However, with kits that operates the lamp on the existing magnetic ballast, the efficiency drops and the lamp life is considerably shortened, as T5 lamps aren't designed to be operated on mains frequency but only on high frequency.
In the 1970s, 34-watt energy-saving F40T12 fluorescent lamps were intoroduced in the United States. In the 1980s, T8 32-watt lamps were introduced, [8] but unlike the T8 tubes introduced in Europe, these T8s are not retrofits and require new matching ballasts to drive them. These ballasts were originally magnetic, but most today are electronic.
UN Regulation 37 covers motor vehicle filament lamps. These are categorized in three groups: those without general restriction that can be used in any application, those acceptable only for signalling lights (not for road illumination lamps), and those no longer allowable as light sources for new type approvals but still permitted for production as replacement parts.
These ballasts convert the incoming power to an output frequency in excess of 20 kHz. This increases lamp efficiency. [45] These ballasts operate with voltages that can be almost 600 volts, requiring some consideration in housing design, and can cause a minor limitation in the length of the wire leads from the ballast to the lamp ends.
It’s the most wonderful time of the year - but if you’re worried about how you’ll keep your dog calm this Christmas, then I’m here to help.