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In 1978, and again in 1981 and early 1982, the United Nations sponsored a ceasefire, and Israeli troops were withdrawn. In 1982 Israel re-invaded Lebanon following the attempted assassination of its ambassador in London, despite being aware that the attack had been carried out by the Abu Nidal faction, which was at war with Yasser Arafat's PLO.
The Operation Gift (Hebrew: מבצע תשורה, mivtza t'shura), was an Israeli Special Forces operation at the Beirut International Airport on the evening of 28 December 1968, in retaliation for the attack on the Israeli Airliner El Al Flight 253 two days earlier and the hijacking of El Al Flight 426 five months earlier, both by the Lebanon and Syria-based Popular Front for the Liberation of ...
The Israeli–Lebanese conflict, or the South Lebanon conflict, [4] is a long-running conflict involving Israel, Lebanon-based paramilitary groups, and sometimes Syria. The conflict peaked during the Lebanese Civil War. In response to Palestinian attacks from Lebanon, Israel invaded the country in 1978 and again in 1982.
The 1982 Lebanon War, also called the Second Israeli invasion of Lebanon, [22] [23] [24] began on 6 June 1982, when Israel invaded southern Lebanon.The invasion followed a series of attacks and counter-attacks between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) operating in southern Lebanon and the Israeli military, which had caused civilian casualties on both sides of the border.
With mounting attacks of Hezbollah, the ranks of the South Lebanese Army deteriorated, with reduced conscription and high rates of desertion at lower ranks. In April 2000, when it was clear the Israeli withdrawal was about to happen within weeks or months, some SLA officials began moving their families to northern Israel.
It was unclear why Israel carried out the attack when it did and whether it was an opportunistic operation or something more strategic to be followed by other actions, two U.S. officials and a ...
On 14 March 1978, Israel launched Operation Litani, after the Coastal Road Massacre. Its stated goals were to push Palestinian militant groups, particularly the PLO, away from the border with Israel, and to bolster Israel's ally at the time, the South Lebanon Army, because of the attacks against Lebanese Christians and Jews and because of the relentless shelling into northern Israel.
6 June 1982 – Israel undertakes military action in Southern Lebanon: Operation "Peace for Galilee." 23 August 1982 – Bachir Gemayel is elected to be Lebanon's president. 25 August 1982 – A MNF of approximately 400 French, 800 Italian soldiers and 800 marines of the 32nd Marine Amphibious Unit (MAU) are deployed in Beirut as part of a peacekeeping force to oversee the evacuation of ...