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Simple organic acids like formic or acetic acids are used for oil and gas well stimulation treatments. These organic acids are much less reactive with metals than are strong mineral acids like hydrochloric acid (HCl) or mixtures of HCl and hydrofluoric acid (HF). For this reason, organic acids are used at high temperatures or when long contact ...
Organic acids (10 C, 41 P) Oxidizing acids (1 C, 27 P) S. Superacids (19 P) Pages in category "Acids" The following 35 pages are in this category, out of 35 total.
Hydrochloric acid is a strong inorganic acid that is used in many industrial processes such as refining metal. The application often determines the required product quality. [ 25 ] Hydrogen chloride, not hydrochloric acid, is used more widely in industrial organic chemistry, e.g. for vinyl chloride and dichloroethane .
Under acid-catalyzed conditions, carboxylic acids will react with alcohols to form esters via the Fischer esterification reaction, which is also an equilibrium process. Alternatively, diazomethane can be used to convert an acid to an ester. While esterification reactions with diazomethane often give quantitative yields, diazomethane is only ...
The first use of the term "amino acid" in the English language dates from 1898, [18] while the German term, Aminosäure, was used earlier. [19] Proteins were found to yield amino acids after enzymatic digestion or acid hydrolysis .
Formic acid can also be obtained by aqueous catalytic partial oxidation of wet biomass by the OxFA process. [28] [29] A Keggin-type polyoxometalate (H 5 PV 2 Mo 10 O 40) is used as the homogeneous catalyst to convert sugars, wood, waste paper, or cyanobacteria to formic acid and CO 2 as the sole byproduct. Yields of up to 53% formic acid can be ...
Citric acid is an organic compound with the formula H O C(CO 2 H)(CH 2 CO 2 H) 2. [10] It is a colorless weak organic acid. [10] It occurs naturally in citrus fruits.In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms.
In general, dicarboxylic acids show similar chemical behavior and reactivity to monocarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acids are used in the preparation of copolymers such as polyamides and polyesters. The most widely used dicarboxylic acid in the industry is adipic acid, which is a precursor in the production of nylon.