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Receives the special sense of taste from the epiglottis. A major function: controls muscles for voice and resonance and the soft palate. Symptoms of damage: dysphagia (swallowing problems), velopharyngeal insufficiency. This nerve is involved (together with nerve IX) in the pharyngeal reflex or gag reflex. XI Accessory
Composition and central connections of the spinal nerves; Pathways from the brain to the spinal cord; The meninges of the brain and medulla spinalis; The cerebrospinal fluid; The cranial nerves. The olfactory nerves; The optic nerve; The oculomotor nerve; The trochlear nerve; The trigeminal nerve; The abducens nerve; The facial nerve; The ...
Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem), of which there are conventionally considered twelve pairs.Cranial nerves relay information between the brain and parts of the body, primarily to and from regions of the head and neck, including the special senses of vision, taste, smell, and hearing.
There are twelve cranial nerves, ten of which originate from the brainstem, and mainly control the functions of the anatomic structures of the head with some exceptions. One unique cranial nerve is the vagus nerve , which receives sensory information from organs in the thorax and abdomen .
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... All 31 pairs of spinal nerves are mixed nerves. [3] Four of the twelve cranial nerves – V, VII, IX and X ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Cranial nerve nuclei (27 P) O. Oculomotor nerve ... This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Ten of the twelve pairs of cranial nerves [a] emerge directly from the brainstem. [38] The brainstem also contains many cranial nerve nuclei and nuclei of peripheral nerves , as well as nuclei involved in the regulation of many essential processes including breathing , control of eye movements and balance.
The PNS includes motor neurons, mediating voluntary movement; the autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system and regulating involuntary functions; and the enteric nervous system, a semi-independent part of the nervous system whose function is to control the gastrointestinal system.