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According to Henry Gray's estimates, the palm has around 370 sweat glands per cm 2; the back of the hand has 200 per cm 2; the forehead has 175 per cm 2; the breast, abdomen, and forearm have 155 per cm 2; and the back and legs have 60–80 per cm 2. [2] In the finger pads, sweat glands pores are somewhat irregularly spaced on the epidermal ridges.
Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition in which a person exhibits excessive sweating, [1] [2] more than is required for the regulation of body temperature. [3] Although it is primarily a physical burden, hyperhidrosis can deteriorate the quality of life of the people who are affected from a psychological, emotional, and social perspective. [4]
Perspiration, also known as sweat, is the fluid secreted by sweat glands in the skin of mammals. [ 1 ] Two types of sweat glands can be found in humans: eccrine glands and apocrine glands . [ 2 ]
Focal hyperhidrosis, also known as primary hyperhidrosis, is a disease characterized by an excessive sweating localized in certain body regions (particularly palms, feet and underarms). Studies suggest that this condition, affecting between 1% and 3% of the US population, seems to have a genetic predisposition in about two thirds of those affected.
Sweat glands are distributed all over the body except nipples and outer genitals. Although the nipples do have the mammary glands, these are known as modified sweat glands. Sebaceous glands are typically found in the opening shafts of hair. They are not on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet.
To be absorbed through the skin, a chemical must pass through the epidermis, glands, or hair follicles. Sweat glands and hair follicles make up about 0.1 to 1.0 percent of the total skin surface. [2] Though small amounts of chemicals may enter the body rapidly through the glands or hair follicles, they are primarily absorbed through the epidermis.
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The amount of sweat glands varies across the human body, being highest in hand and foot regions (200–600 sweat glands per cm 2). [19] The response of the skin and muscle tissue to external and internal stimuli can cause the conductance to vary by several microsiemens .