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aP2 (adipocyte Protein 2) [5] is a carrier protein for fatty acids that is primarily expressed in adipocytes and macrophages. aP2 is also called fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4). Blocking this protein either through genetic engineering or drugs [6] has the possibility of treating heart disease and the metabolic syndrome. [7]
A matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (INN stem –mastat [1]) inhibits matrix metalloproteinases. Because they inhibit cell migration, they have antiangiogenic effects. They are endogenous or exogenous. The most notorious endogenous metalloproteinases are tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, followed by cartilage-derived angiogenesis ...
A drug combination targeting SARS-CoV-2, Paxlovid, was approved in December 2021 to treat COVID-19. [12] It is a combination of nirmatrelvir , a protease inhibitor targeted to the SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease , and ritonavir, which inhibits the metabolism of nirmatrelvir, thereby prolonging its effect.
These phosphinate MMP inhibitors contain phenyl segments that are thought to be responsible for the selectivity to MMP-13. The phosphinic group of those inhibitors (R 1 R 2 (O)OH) binds as a zinc ligand. R 1 and R 2 substituents affect the inhibition potency. [7] Phosphinate inhibitors have been developed that showed high selectivity for MMP-11.
A protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) is a type of enzyme inhibitor that blocks the action of one or more protein kinases. [1] Protein kinases are enzymes that phosphorylate (add a phosphate, or PO 4, group) to a protein and can modulate its function. [2] The phosphate groups are usually added to serine, threonine, or tyrosine amino acids on the
Adipocyte FABP (A-FABP): Located in adipose tissue, A-FABP plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, including the storage and release of fatty acids in adipocytes. Intestinal FABP (I-FABP): Found in the intestine, I-FABP is essential for the absorption and transport of dietary fatty acids.
The adipokines, or adipocytokines (Greek adipo-, fat; cytos-, cell; and -kinos, movement) are cytokines (cell signaling proteins) secreted by adipose tissue.Some contribute to an obesity-related low-grade state of inflammation or to the development of metabolic syndrome, a constellation of diseases including, but not limited to, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. [1]
Avasimibe , codenamed CI 1011, is a drug that inhibits sterol O-acyltransferases (SOAT1 and SOAT2, also known as ACAT1 and ACAT2), enzymes involved in the metabolism and catabolism of cholesterol. It was discovered by Parke-Davis (later Pfizer ) and developed as a possible lipid-lowering agent and treatment for atherosclerosis .