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Lesions involving the whole optic nerve cause complete blindness on the affected side, that means damage at the right optic nerve causes complete loss of vision in the right eye. [3] Optic neuritis involving external fibers of the optic nerve causes tunnel vision. [4] Optic neuritis involving internal fibers of the optic nerve causes central ...
Usually, individuals with this condition have cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, high-arched feet, optic nerve wasting/degeneration, sensorineural deafness. [5]These symptoms have variable onset, but they generally begin episodically after having a fever-causing infection such as the common cold, manifesting mainly as sudden-onset ataxic episodes and encephalopathy.
The term "disc-at-risk" refers to an optic nerve head characterized by a small cup-to-disc ratio and a crowding of optic nerve fibers. This anatomical feature is a significant factor in the development of NAION. [4] [5] Individuals predisposed to this condition typically have smaller optic discs with minimal or no cupping. This anatomical ...
The optic nerve can be damaged when exposed to direct or indirect injury. Direct optic nerve injuries are caused by trauma to the head or orbit that crosses normal tissue planes and disrupts the anatomy and function of the optic nerve; e.g., a bullet or forceps that physically injures the optic nerve.
The optic nerve is the bundle of axons that carry the visual signals from the eye to the brain. This optic nerve must penetrate through the wall of the eye, and the hole to accommodate this is usually 20-30% larger than the nerve diameter. In some patients the optic nerve is nearly as large as the opening in the back of the eye, and the optic ...
The most common cause is multiple sclerosis (MS) or ischemic optic neuropathy due to thrombosis or embolism of the vessel that supplies the optic nerve. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Up to 50% of patients with MS will develop an episode of optic neuritis, and 20–30% of the time optic neuritis is the presenting sign of MS .
Stage 4 – Marked optic-disc edema Elevation of the entire nerve head. Obscuration of all borders. Peripapillary halo. Total obscuration on the disc of a segment of a major vessel. Stage 5 – Severe optic-disc edema Dome-shaped protrusions representing anterior expansion of the ONG. Peripapillary halo is narrow and smoothly demarcated.
Autosomal dominant optic atrophy can present clinically as an isolated bilateral optic neuropathy (non-syndromic form) or rather as a complicated phenotype with extra-ocular signs (syndromic form). Dominant optic atrophy usually affects both eyes roughly symmetrically in a slowly progressive pattern of vision loss beginning in childhood and is ...