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A pressure washer is used to remove old paint from a boat. Patio flagstones being pressure washed using a rotary nozzle. Pressure washing or power washing is the use of high-pressure water spray to remove loose paint, mold, grime, dust, mud, and dirt from surfaces and objects such as buildings, vehicles and concrete surfaces.
Convergent nozzles accelerate subsonic fluids. If the nozzle pressure ratio is high enough, then the flow will reach sonic velocity at the narrowest point (i.e. the nozzle throat). In this situation, the nozzle is said to be choked. Increasing the nozzle pressure ratio further will not increase the throat Mach number above one.
Combination nozzle A low pressure fog nozzle (usually 120 to 150 lbf/in² or 820 to 1030 kPa that can be adjusted to produce a near straight stream. Also commonly referred to as a Taskforce tip (TFT). Compressed air foam system (CAFS) A water / surfactant (foam) mixture, with compressed air forced into the mix.
The simplest single fluid nozzle is a plain orifice nozzle as shown in the diagram. This nozzle often produces little if any atomization, but directs the stream of liquid. If the pressure drop is high, at least 25 bars (2,500 kPa; 360 psi), the material is often finely atomized, as in a diesel injector.
[37] [38] The water then travels along the high-pressure tubing to the nozzle of the waterjet. In the nozzle, the water is focused into a thin beam by a jewel orifice. This beam of water is ejected from the nozzle, cutting through the material by spraying it with the jet of speed on the order of Mach 3, around 2,500 ft/s (760 m/s). [39]
A deluge gun can discharge 7,500 litres (2,000 US gal) per minute or more. A master stream is a fire service term for a water stream of 1,250 litres (330 US gal) per minute or greater. It is delivered by a master stream device, such as a deck gun, deluge gun, or fire monitor.
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Water pressure of a garden hose [58] 300 to 700 kPa 50–100 psi Typical water pressure of a municipal water supply in the US [59] 358 to 524 kPa: 52-76 psi Threshold of pain for objects outside the human body hitting it [60] 400 to 600 kPa 60–90 psi Carbon dioxide pressure in a champagne bottle [61] 520 kPa 75 psi