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A modification of Lagged-Fibonacci generators. A SWB generator is the basis for the RANLUX generator, [19] widely used e.g. for particle physics simulations. Maximally periodic reciprocals: 1992 R. A. J. Matthews [20] A method with roots in number theory, although never used in practical applications. KISS: 1993 G. Marsaglia [21]
The random number generator is compliant with security and cryptographic standards such as NIST SP 800-90A, [6] FIPS 140-2, and ANSI X9.82. [1] Intel also requested Cryptography Research Inc. to review the random number generator in 2012, which resulted in the paper Analysis of Intel's Ivy Bridge Digital Random Number Generator. [7]
Random numbers are frequently used in algorithms such as Knuth's 1964-developed algorithm [1] for shuffling lists. (popularly known as the Knuth shuffle or the Fisher–Yates shuffle, based on work they did in 1938). In 1999, a new feature was added to the Pentium III: a hardware-based random number generator.
Dice are an example of a hardware random number generator. When a cubical die is rolled, a random number from 1 to 6 is obtained. Random number generation is a process by which, often by means of a random number generator (RNG), a sequence of numbers or symbols is generated that cannot be reasonably predicted better than by random chance.
Fortuna is a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CS-PRNG) devised by Bruce Schneier and Niels Ferguson and published in 2003. It is named after Fortuna, the Roman goddess of chance. FreeBSD uses Fortuna for /dev/random and /dev/urandom is symbolically linked to it since FreeBSD 11. [1] Apple OSes have switched to Fortuna ...
7 is the only number D for which the equation 2 n − D = x 2 has more than two solutions for n and x natural. In particular, the equation 2 n − 7 = x 2 is known as the Ramanujan–Nagell equation. 7 is one of seven numbers in the positive definite quadratic integer matrix representative of all odd numbers: {1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 15, 33}. [19] [20]
Wichmann–Hill is a pseudorandom number generator proposed in 1982 by Brian Wichmann and David Hill. [1] It consists of three linear congruential generators with different prime moduli, each of which is used to produce a uniformly distributed number between 0 and 1. These are summed, modulo 1, to produce the result. [2]
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