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STeP (Sustainable Textile and Leather Production) is a worldwide certification system for production facilities in the textile, leather, and clothing industry. It is a 2013 re-branding of the Oeko-Tex Standard 1000 that had been introduced in 1995. [5] Once issued, the STeP certificate is valid for three years. [5] [14] [19]
At the end of 2022, Better Cotton had over 2,563 members – 325 retailer and brand members, 2,171 supplier and manufacturer members, 17 producer organisation members, 34 civil society members and 16 associate members. [4] Better Cotton contributes towards the UN's goals to achieve better global water sustainability and sustainable agriculture. [5]
Yarn is selected for different textiles based on the characteristics of the yarn fibres, such as warmth (wool), light weight (cotton or rayon), durability (nylon is added to sock yarn, for example), or softness (cashmere, alpaca). Yarn is composed of twisted strands of fiber, which are known as plies when grouped together. [19]
Cotton is the world's most important natural fibre. In the year 2007, the global yield was 25 million tons from 35 million hectares cultivated in more than 50 countries. [1] There are five stages of cotton manufacturing: [2] Cultivating and harvesting; Preparatory processes; Spinning — giving yarn; Weaving — giving fabrics [a] Finishing ...
Gassing is the process of passing yarn very rapidly through a series of Bunsen gas flames in a gassing frame, to burn off the projecting fibres and to make the thread round and smooth and bright. Only the better qualities of yarn are gassed, like the kinds used for voiles, poplins, venetians, gabardines, Egyptian cottons, etc.
Textile recycling is the process of recovering fiber, yarn, or fabric and reprocessing the material into new, useful products. [1] Textile waste is split into pre-consumer and post-consumer waste and is sorted into five different categories derived from a pyramid model.
Sustainability standards can be categorized as either voluntary consensus standards or private standards. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an example of an standards organization who develop international standards following a voluntary consensus process for sustainability under Technical Committee 207, Environmental management and Technical Committee 268, Sustainable ...
According to Belz, Frank-Martin, [1] the definition of sustainable product has six characteristics: Customer satisfaction: any products or services that do not meet customer needs will not survive in the market in the long term. Dual focus: Unlike purely environmental products, sustainable products focus on ecological and social significance.