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A directory is a logical section of a file system used to hold files. Directories may also contain other directories. The cd command can be used to change into a subdirectory, move back into the parent directory, move all the way back to the root directory or move to any given directory.
If pushd is not provided with a path argument, in Unix it instead swaps the top two directories on the stack, which can be used to toggle between two directories. The popd command removes (or 'pops', in the stack analogy) the current path entry from the stack and returns to the path at the top of the stack as the new working directory. [4] [5]
In most computer file systems, every directory has an entry (usually named ".") which points to the directory itself.In most DOS and UNIX command shells, as well as in the Microsoft Windows command line interpreters cmd.exe and Windows PowerShell, the working directory can be changed by using the CD or CHDIR commands.
Integrity Protected Command MKD RFC 959 Make directory. MLSD RFC 3659 Lists the contents of a directory in a standardized machine-readable format. MLST RFC 3659 Provides data about exactly the object named on its command line in a standardized machine-readable format. MODE RFC 959 Sets the transfer mode (Stream, Block, or Compressed). NLST RFC 959
Copy entire directory trees. Xcopy is a version of the copy command that can move files and directories from one location to another. XCOPY usage and attributes can be obtained by typing XCOPY /? in the DOS Command line. The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later. [1]
Command Explanation pwd: Display the current working directory. Example: /home/foobar pwd -P: Display the current working directory physical path - without symbolic link name, if any. Example: If standing in a dir /home/symlinked, that is a symlink to /home/realdir, this would show /home/realdir pwd -L
chroot is an operation on Unix and Unix-like operating systems that changes the apparent root directory for the current running process and its children. A program that is run in such a modified environment cannot name (and therefore normally cannot access) files outside the designated directory tree.
A move command that moves a directory entry to a new directory was first implemented within Multics. It can be contracted to mv. [1] Later, the mv command appeared in Version 1 Unix [2] and became part of the X/Open Portability Guide issue 2 of 1987. [3] The version of mv bundled in GNU coreutils was written by Mike Parker, David MacKenzie, and ...