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Ceftriaxone, sold under the brand name Rocephin, is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [4] These include middle ear infections, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and pelvic inflammatory disease. [4]
A medical calculator is a type of medical computer software, whose purpose is to allow easy calculation of various scores and indices, presenting the user with a friendly interface that hides the complexity of the formulas. Most offer further information such as result interpretation guides and medical literature references. [1]
The following formulas can be used to calculate the volumes of solute (V solute) and solvent (V solvent) to be used: [1] = = where V total is the desired total volume, and F is the desired dilution factor number (the number in the position of F if expressed as "1/F dilution factor" or "xF dilution"). However, some solutions and mixtures take up ...
Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic medication of the class Ib type. [8] This means it works by blocking sodium channels thus decreasing the rate of contractions of the heart. [11] [8] When injected near nerves, the nerves cannot conduct signals to or from the brain. [9] Lidocaine was discovered in 1946 and went on sale in 1948. [12]
Local anesthetic injections are given in specific areas of the mouth, rather than the whole body. Although several different medications are available, the most commonly used local anesthetic to prevent pain in the area around a tooth is lidocaine (also called xylocaine or lignocaine). Lidocaine's half-life in the body is about 1.5–2 hours. [2]
The most common combination of agents used in tumescent anesthesia is lidocaine (0.05-0.10%) and epinephrine (1 ppm). [3] [4] [5] For lidocaine, total doses of 35 mg/kg [6] and 55 mg/kg [7] have been reported as reasonably safe high-end doses, in the context of liposuction.
Pfizer divided them into two groups and treated half with Trovan. (Compl. P 3.) The other half was "purposefully 'low-dosed'" with ceftriaxone, an FDA-approved drug shown to be effective in treating meningitis. (Compl. P 125.) In order to enhance the comparative results of Trovan, Pfizer administered only one-third of ceftriaxone's recommended ...
A serial dilution is the step-wise dilution of a substance in solution, either by using a constant dilution factor, or by using a variable factor between dilutions. If the dilution factor at each step is constant, this results in a geometric progression of the concentration in a logarithmic fashion.