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The cerebellopontine angle (CPA) (Latin: angulus cerebellopontinus) is located between the cerebellum and the pons. [1] The cerebellopontine angle is the site of the cerebellopontine angle cistern. [2] The cerebellopontine angle is also the site of a set of neurological disorders known as the cerebellopontine angle syndrome.
The cerebellopontine angle syndrome is a distinct neurological syndrome of deficits that can arise due to the closeness of the cerebellopontine angle to specific cranial nerves. [1] Indications include unilateral hearing loss (85%), speech impediments, disequilibrium, tremors or other loss of motor control.
In ophthalmology, gonioscopy is a routine procedure that measures the angle between the iris and the cornea (the iridocorneal angle), using a goniolens (also known as a gonioscope) together with a slit lamp or operating microscope. [1] [2] Its use is important in diagnosing and monitoring various eye conditions associated with glaucoma.
The method involves a narrow slit of light from a slit lamp being projected onto the peripheral cornea at an angle of 60⁰ as near as possible to the limbus. The resulting image is a slit that is projected onto the surface of the cornea, the width is then used as a reference for the grading of the angle.
Normal ear anatomy Earlobe creases seen in a Japanese angina patient. Frank's sign is a diagonal crease in the ear lobe extending from the tragus across the lobule to the rear edge of the auricle. [1] The sign is named after Sanders T. Frank. [1] It has been hypothesised that Frank's sign is indicative of cardiovascular disease [2] [3] and/or ...
Clinically, if the point at which the helix (curved upper part) of the outer ear meets the cranium is at or below the line connecting the inner canthi of eyes (the bicanthal plane), the ears are considered low set. [2] [1] Low-set ears can be associated with conditions such as: Down syndrome [3] Turner syndrome; Noonan syndrome [4] Patau ...
Focal neurological deficits may be caused by a variety of medical conditions such as head trauma, [1] tumors or stroke; or by various diseases such as meningitis or encephalitis or as a side effect of certain medications such as those used in anesthesia. [2] Neurological soft signs are a group of non-focal neurologic signs. [3]
The lateral semicircular canal (also known as horizontal or external semicircular canal) is the shortest of the three canals.Movement of fluid within its duct corresponds to rotation of the head around a vertical axis (i.e. the neck), or in other words, rotation in the transverse plane.