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Hermann Gunkel (German:; 23 May 1862 – 11 March 1932), a German Old Testament scholar, founded form criticism. [1] He also became a leading representative of the history of religions school. [2] His major works cover Genesis and the Psalms, and his major interests centered on the oral tradition behind written sources and in folklore.
Hermann Gunkel categorized ten psalms by their subject matter of kingship as royal psalms. Specifically, the royal psalms deal with the spiritual role of kings in the worship of Yahweh . Aside from that single qualification, there is nothing else which specifically links the ten psalms.
Hermann Gunkel (1862–1932), Martin Noth, Gerhard von Rad, and other scholars originally developed form criticism for Old Testament studies; they used it to supplement the documentary hypothesis with reference to its oral foundations. [3] Karl Ludwig Schmidt, Martin Dibelius (1883–1947) and Rudolf Bultmann later applied form criticism to the ...
Psalm 12 is the twelfth psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: ... Hermann Gunkel also speaks of the Psalm as "liturgy". [12]
According to Hermann Gunkel, there are many genres of Psalms including: Hymns, Communal Laments, Individual Laments, Individual Song of Thanksgiving, Wisdom Poems, Pilgrimage Songs and Liturgies. [5] Several of the Psalms of Asaph are categorized as communal laments because they are concerned for the well being of a whole community of people.
Hermann Gunkel's pioneering form-critical work on the psalms sought to provide a new and meaningful context in which to interpret individual psalms—not by looking at their literary context within the Psalter (which he did not see as significant), but by bringing together psalms of the same genre (Gattung) from throughout the Psalter. Gunkel ...
Spurgeon broke the psalm down as follows: Burdened with many sorrows vv. 1–2; Prayer in his torment vv. 3–6; Submission to God vv. 7–13; Relief and trust. The Old Testament scholar Hermann Gunkel, in his standard work The Psalms, believes the structuring of the verses was originally: [13] Verses 2–4: Introduction to and emergence of the ...
In broad terms, Gunkel strongly advocated a view of the Psalms which focused on the two notable names for God occurring therein: Yahweh (JHWH sometimes called tetragrammaton) and Elohim. The schools of Psalm writing springing therefrom were termed Yahwist and Elohist. Mowinckel's approach to the Psalms differed quite a bit from Gunkel's.