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Crown lengthening is a technique for increasing crown height of teeth by flap surgery with or without bone surgery. [3] There are two main types: Aesthetic crown lengthening which is performed when a "gummy" smile is an issue for the patient [3] Functional crown lengthening is used to make an unrestorable tooth restorable.
This condition occurs in association with denture wearing, and so those affected tend to be middle aged or older adults. 66-75% are estimated to occur in women. [1] Epulis fissuratum is the third most common reactive lesion that occurs in the mouth, after peripheral giant cell granuloma and pyogenic granuloma .
Pleurisy, also known as pleuritis, is inflammation of the membranes that surround the lungs and line the chest cavity . [1] This can result in a sharp chest pain while breathing. [1] Occasionally the pain may be a constant dull ache. [5] Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, cough, fever, or weight loss, depending on the underlying cause.
Otherwise, losing teeth is undesirable and is the result of injury or disease, such as dental avulsion, tooth decay, and gum disease. The condition of being toothless or missing one or more teeth is called edentulism. Tooth loss has been shown to causally reduce overall health and wellbeing as it increases the probability of depression. [1]
The dental professional explains the clinical significance of the recorded measurements and provides personalized recommendations for treatment or improvements in oral hygiene. This step is essential for enhancing patient awareness, promoting adherence to periodontal therapy, and supporting long-term oral health maintenance.
Occlusal trauma; Secondary occlusal trauma on X-ray film displays two lone-standing mandibular teeth, the lower left first premolar and canine. As the remnants of a once full complement of 16 lower teeth, these two teeth have been alone in opposing the forces associated with mastication for some time, as can be evidenced by the widened PDL surrounding the premolar.
Chronic periodontitis is initiated by Gram-negative tooth-associated microbial biofilms that elicit a host response, which results in bone and soft tissue destruction. In response to endotoxin derived from periodontal pathogens, several osteoclast-related mediators target the destruction of alveolar bone and supporting connective tissue such as the periodontal ligament.
Risk factors of tooth ankylosis can be generally classified into genetic factors and dental trauma. Diagnostic methods of tooth ankylosis include the use of clinical examinations, x-ray and cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT). [7] [5] Tooth ankylosis could have several symptoms, with decreased tooth count being the most prominent one. [4]