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The sodium–potassium pump is found in many cell (plasma) membranes. Powered by ATP, the pump moves sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions, each against its concentration gradient. In a single cycle of the pump, three sodium ions are extruded from and two potassium ions are imported into the cell.
Ribbon diagram of the sodium–potassium pump in its E2-Pi state. The estimated boundaries of the lipid bilayer are shown as blue (intracellular) and red (extracellular) planes. The 20th century saw significant breakthroughs in electrophysiology.
Image renamed from Image:Sodium-Potassium_pump.svg Bahasa Indonesia: Contoh transport aktif primer, di mana energi dari hidrolisis ATP langsung digabungkan dengan pergerakan zat tertentu melintasi membran yang terlepas dari spesies lainnya.
Simplified diagram of a sodium potassium pump showing alpha and beta units. A pump is a protein that hydrolyses ATP to transport a particular solute through a membrane, and in doing so, generating an electrochemical gradient membrane potential .
For example, the sodium (Na +) and potassium (K +) ions are maintained by the sodium-potassium pump which uses energy (in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)) to move three Na + out of the cell and two K + into the cell. Another example is the sodium-calcium exchanger which removes one Ca 2+ from the cell for three Na + into the cell. [12]
The sodium-potassium ATPase is an active transporter within the membrane that pumps potassium (2 ions) back into the cell and sodium (3 ions) out of the cell, maintaining the concentrations of both ions as well as preserving the voltage polarization.
Active transport is essential for various physiological processes, such as nutrient uptake, hormone secretion, and nig impulse transmission. For example, the sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to pump sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, maintaining a concentration gradient essential for cellular function. Active transport ...
A transport protein (variously referred to as a transmembrane pump, transporter, escort protein, acid transport protein, cation transport protein, or anion transport protein) is a protein that serves the function of moving other materials within an organism. Transport proteins are vital to the growth and life of all living things.