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The spur is an annular structure composed of collagen in the human eye. It is the origin of the longitudinal and circular fibres (which swerve acutely from the spur to run circumferentially, as a sphincter near the periphery of the lens ) [ 1 ] of the ciliary muscle , and is attached posteriorly to the trabecular meshwork .
The sclera's blood vessels are mainly on the surface. Along with the vessels of the conjunctiva (which is a thin layer covering the sclera), those in the episclera render the inflamed eye bright red. [6] In many vertebrates, the sclera is reinforced with plates of cartilage or bone, together forming a circular structure called the sclerotic ring.
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that can lead to damage of the optic nerve. The optic nerve transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. Glaucoma may cause vision loss if left untreated. It has been called the "silent thief of sight" because the loss of vision usually occurs slowly over a long period of time. [5]
Surgery may be indicated if scleral perforation or excessive scleral thinning is present. [6] Bandage contact lens or corneal glue may be used to repair damaged corneal tissue in the eye and preserve the patient's vision. [6] If not treated, scleritis can cause blindness.
It is a common problem experienced by people of all ages. Related eye symptoms and signs of irritation are discomfort, dryness, excess tearing, itchiness, grating, foreign body sensation, ocular fatigue, pain, soreness, redness, swollen eyelids, and tiredness, etc. These eye symptoms are reported with intensities from mild to severe.
This causes an immune response which, in turn, clears the meshwork channel/drain of cellular build up. This allows more aqueous humour to flow into Schlemm's canal from the anterior cavity, reducing the intraocular pressure and therefore lowering the risk of glaucoma, or further damage to the optic nerve, due to overpressure in the eye.
The uveo-scleral pathway is increased with the use of glaucoma drugs such as prostaglandins (e.g., Xalatan, Travatan). The trabecular meshwork had previously been thought to arise from a point (apex) corresponding to the termination of the DM ( Schwalbe's line ) however it is now considered to extend into the cornea, forming the Dua's layer .
The nerve fibers forming the optic nerve exit the eye posteriorly through a hole in the sclera that is occupied by a mesh-like structure called the lamina cribrosa.It is formed by a multilayered network of collagen fibers that extend from the scleral canal wall.