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Code-division multiplexing (CDM), code-division multiple access (CDMA) or spread spectrum is a class of techniques where several channels simultaneously share the same frequency spectrum, and this spectral bandwidth is much higher than the bit rate or symbol rate. One form is frequency hopping, another is direct sequence spread spectrum.
An example of orthogonal functions is shown in the adjacent picture. These vectors will be assigned to individual users and are called the code, chip code, or chipping code. In the interest of brevity, the rest of this example uses codes v with only two bits. Each user is associated with a different code, say v.
A multiplexer of inputs has select lines, which are used to select which input line to send to the output. [ 2 ] A multiplexer makes it possible for several input signals to share one device or resource, for example, one analog-to-digital converter or one communications transmission medium , instead of having one device per input signal.
Monty Python references appear frequently in Python code and culture; [190] for example, the metasyntactic variables often used in Python literature are spam and eggs instead of the traditional foo and bar. [190] [191] The official Python documentation also contains various references to Monty Python routines.
DSL uses different frequencies for voice and for upstream and downstream data transmission on the same conductors, which is also an example of frequency duplex. Where frequency-division multiplexing is used as to allow multiple users to share a physical communications channel , it is called frequency-division multiple access (FDMA).
Google has used Chisel to develop a Tensor Processing Unit for edge computing. [7] Some developers prefer Chisel as it requires 5 times lesser code and is much faster to develop than Verilog. [8] Circuits described in Chisel can be converted to a description in Verilog for synthesis and simulation using a program named FIRRTL. [9] [better ...
Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting and receiving independent signals over a common signal path by means of synchronized switches at each end of the transmission line so that each signal appears on the line only a fraction of time according to agreed rules, e.g. with each transmitter working in turn.
Examples of statistical multiplexing are: The MPEG transport stream for digital TV transmission. Statistical multiplexing is used to allow several video, audio and data streams of different data rates to be transmitted over a bandwidth-limited channel (see Statistical multiplexer). The packets have constant lengths.