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In physics, spacetime, also called the space-time continuum, is a mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum. Spacetime diagrams are useful in visualizing and understanding relativistic effects, such as how different observers perceive where and when events ...
Fig 4–2. Relativistic time dilation, as depicted in a single Loedel spacetime diagram. Both observers consider the clock of the other as running slower. Relativistic time dilation refers to the fact that a clock (indicating its proper time in its rest frame) that moves relative to an observer is observed to run slower. The situation is ...
In the Schwarzschild metric, free-falling objects can be in circular orbits if the orbital radius is larger than (the radius of the photon sphere). The formula for a clock at rest is given above; the formula below gives the general relativistic time dilation for a clock in a circular orbit: [11] [12]
A fuller explanation of the concept of coordinate time arises from its relations with proper time and with clock synchronization. Synchronization, along with the related concept of simultaneity, has to receive careful definition in the framework of general relativity theory, because many of the assumptions inherent in classical mechanics and classical accounts of space and time had to be removed.
Time is a scalar which is the same in all space E 3 and is denoted as t. The ordered set { t } is called a time axis. Motion (also path or trajectory ) is a function r : Δ → R 3 that maps a point in the interval Δ from the time axis to a position (radius vector) in R 3 .
Considering the Hafele–Keating experiment in a frame of reference at rest with respect to the center of the Earth (because this is an inertial frame [3]), a clock aboard the plane moving eastward, in the direction of the Earth's rotation, had a greater velocity (resulting in a relative time loss) than one that remained on the ground, while a ...
[1] [2] MET was formerly called Ground Elapsed Time (GET) prior to the Space Shuttle. [3] The International Space Station (ISS) does not use an MET clock since it is a "permanent" and international mission. The ISS observes Greenwich Mean Time (UTC/GMT). The shuttles also had UTC clocks so that the astronauts could easily figure out what the ...
Thus, the geometry of a stationary spacetime does not change in time. In the special case ω i = 0 {\displaystyle \omega _{i}=0} the spacetime is said to be static . By definition, every static spacetime is stationary, but the converse is not generally true, as the Kerr metric provides a counterexample.