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People with low near-sightedness can read comfortably without eyeglasses or contact lenses even after age forty, but higher myopes might require two pairs of glasses (one for distance, one for near), bifocal, or progressive lenses. However, their myopia does not disappear and the long-distance visual challenges remain.
Anisometropia is caused by common refractive errors, such as astigmatism, far-sightedness, and myopia, in one eye. [6] Anisometropia is likely the result of both genetic and environmental influences. [7] Some studies suggest, in older adults, developing asymmetric cataracts may cause worsen anisometropia.
Older adults with visual impairment are at an increased risk of physical inactivity, [29] [30] slower gait speeds, [31] [32] [33] and fear of falls. [ 34 ] Physical activity is a useful predictor of overall well-being, and routine physical activity reduces the risk of developing chronic diseases and disability.
Singapore is believed to have the highest prevalence of myopia in the world; up to 80% of people there have myopia, but the accurate figure is unknown. [138] China's myopia rate is 31%: 400 million of its 1.3 billion people are myopic. The prevalence of myopia in high school in China is 77%, and in college is more than 80%. [139]
The number of people globally with refractive errors has been estimated at one to two billion. [4] Rates vary between regions of the world with about 25% of Europeans and 80% of Asians affected. [4] Near-sightedness is the most common disorder. [6] Rates among adults are between 15 and 49% while rates among children are between 1.2 and 42%. [7]
In some people with very high myopia, the eye may be left aphakic, without intraocular lens implantation. [16] A related procedure is the implantation of phakic intraocular lenses in series with the natural lens to correct vision in cases of high refractive errors. [17]
Falls can be serious — and even deadly — in older adults and the elderly. They’re also common: More than 1 out of 4 older adults falls each year, but less than half of those inform their ...
The condition of posterior staphyloma in high myopia was first described by Scarpa in the 1800s. [6] Speculation about reinforcement of the eye began in the 19th century, when Rubin noted that sclera reinforcement “is probably the only one of all the surgical techniques [for myopia] which attempts to correct a cause, rather than an effect”. [7]