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Potato (Aloo) Tomato (Tamatar) Okra (Bhindi) Cauliflower (Phool Gobhi) Taro (Arbi). Most of the food items which define modern North Indian and Subcontinental cooking have origins inside the Indian subcontinent though many foods that are now a part of them are based on fruits and vegetables that originated outside the Indian subcontinent.
Vavilov's 1924 scheme suggested that plants were domesticated in China, Hindustan, Central Asia, Asia Minor, Mediterranean, Abyssinia, Central and South America A Vavilov center or center of origin is a geographical area where a group of organisms, either domesticated or wild, first developed its distinctive properties. [ 1 ]
Wild potato species occur from the southern United States to southern Chile. [14] The potato was first domesticated in southern Peru and northwestern Bolivia [15] by pre-Columbian farmers, around Lake Titicaca. [16] Potatoes were domesticated there about 7,000–10,000 years ago from a species in the S. brevicaule complex. [15] [16] [17]
In the period of the Neolithic Revolution, roughly 8000-4000 BCE, [11] Agro pastoralism in India included threshing, planting crops in rows and storing grain in granaries. [3] [12] Barley —either of two or of six rows— and wheat cultivation—along with the rearing of cattle, sheep and goat—was visible in Mehrgarh by 8000-6000 BCE.
The Neolithic founder crops (or primary domesticates) are the eight plant species that were domesticated by early Holocene (Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and Pre-Pottery Neolithic B) farming communities in the Fertile Crescent region of southwest Asia, and which formed the basis of systematic agriculture in the Middle East, North Africa, India ...
Sheep were domesticated in Mesopotamia between 11,000 BC and 9000 BC. [38] Cattle were domesticated from the wild aurochs in the areas of modern Turkey and India around 8500 BC. [39] Camels were domesticated relatively late, perhaps around 3000 BC. [40] Centres of origin identified by Nikolai Vavilov in the 1930s.
The Russians didn't have the potato, nor did they have vodka from the potato. There were no chiles in any Asian cuisine anywhere in the world, nor were there any chiles in any East Indian cuisine dishes, including curries. And the French had no confection using either vanilla or chocolate. So the Old World was a completely different place.
The potato was the first domesticated root vegetable in the region of modern-day southern Peru and extreme northwestern Bolivia [1] between 8000 and 5000 BC. [2] Cultivation of potatoes in South America may go back 10,000 years, [ 3 ] but tubers do not preserve well in the archaeological record, making identification difficult.