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Spironolactone was discovered in 1957, and was introduced in 1959. [29] [30] [31] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [32] It is available as a generic medication. [4] In 2022, it was the 52nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 12 million prescriptions.
For comparison, the clinical dosage range of spironolactone in humans is usually about 4 to 8 mg/kg. [30] There is also mixed/conflicting evidence that spironolactone may inhibit 5α-reductase, and thus the synthesis of the potent androgen DHT from testosterone, to some extent.
However, spironolactone is metabolized to three active metabolites, which give it prolonged activity (13.8 – 16. 5 hours). Spironolactone has a long half-life and is excreted 47-51% through kidneys. Patients with chronic kidney disease therefore require close monitoring when taking the drug. Spironolactone is also eliminated through feces (35-41%
Spirolactones are a class of functional group in organic chemistry featuring a cyclic ester attached spiro to another ring system. The name is also used to refer to a class of synthetic steroids, called steroid-17α-spirolactones, 17α-spirolactosteroids, or simply 17α-spirolactones, which feature their spirolactone group at the C17α position.
Potassium-sparing diuretics or antikaliuretics [1] refer to drugs that cause diuresis without causing potassium loss in the urine. [2] They are typically used as an adjunct in management of hypertension, cirrhosis, and congestive heart failure. [3] The steroidal aldosterone antagonists can also be used for treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism.
It is available as a generic medication. [5] In 2022, it was the 37th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, ... and spironolactone (Aldactone).