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The history of money is the development over time of systems for the exchange, storage, and measurement of wealth. Money is a means of fulfilling these functions indirectly and in general rather than directly, as with barter. Money may take a physical form as in coins and notes, or may exist as a written or electronic account.
One by one, colonies began to issue their own paper money to serve as a convenient medium of exchange. On December 10, 1690, [4] the Province of Massachusetts Bay created "the first authorized paper money issued by any government in the Western World". [5] This paper money was issued to pay for a military expedition during King William's War ...
The ease with which paper money can be created, by both legitimate authorities and counterfeiters, has led to a temptation in times of crisis such as war or revolution, or merely a spendthrift government, to produce paper money which was not supported by precious metal or other goods; this often led to hyperinflation and a loss of faith in the ...
In May 1716 Law set up the Banque Générale Privée ("General Private Bank") in the rue Quincampoix in Paris, which developed the use of paper money. [20] It was one of only six such banks to have issued paper money in Europe, joining Sweden, England, Holland, Venice, and Genoa. [4] The bank was nationalised in December 1718 at Law's request.
The Secretary of the Treasury directed a reduction in paper currency from a 7 + 7 ⁄ 16 inch by 3 + 9 ⁄ 64 inch size to a 6 + 5 ⁄ 16 inch by 2 + 11 ⁄ 16 inch (6.31" × 2.69") size, which allowed the Treasury Department to produce 12 notes per 16 + 1 ⁄ 4 inch by 13 + 1 ⁄ 4 inch sheet of paper that previously would yield 8 notes at the ...
Congress continued to issue paper money after the Civil War, the latest of which is the Federal Reserve Note that was authorized by the Federal Reserve Act of 1913. Since the discontinuation of all other types of notes (Gold Certificates in 1933, Silver Certificates in 1963, and United States Notes in 1971), U.S. dollar notes have since been ...
Song Dynasty Jiaozi, the world's earliest paper money. The system of commodity money eventually evolved into a system of representative money. [citation needed] This occurred because gold and silver merchants or banks would issue receipts to their depositors, redeemable for the commodity money deposited. Eventually, these receipts became ...
A copper-block printed note dated between 1215 and 1216 in the collection of Luo Zhenyu's Pictorial Paper Money of the Four Dynasties, 1914, shows two special characters—one called Ziliao, the other called Zihao—for the purpose of preventing counterfeiting; over the Ziliao there is a small character (輶) printed with movable copper type ...