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One of the earliest of the Church Fathers to enunciate clearly and unambiguously the doctrine of baptismal regeneration ("the idea that salvation happens at and by water baptism duly administered") was Cyprian (c. 200 – 258): "While he attributed all the saving energy to the grace of God, he considered the 'laver of saving water' the instrument of God that makes a person 'born again ...
The baptism was spoken about by John the Baptist, who contrasted his water baptism for the forgiveness of sins with the baptism of Jesus. In Mark 1:8 and John 1:33 , the Baptist proclaimed that Jesus "will baptize in (the) Holy Spirit"; while in Matthew 3:11 and Luke 3:16 , he "will baptize with Holy Spirit and fire ".
In Catholic teaching, baptism is stated to be "necessary for salvation by actual reception or at least by desire". [226] Catholic discipline requires the baptism ceremony to be performed by deacons, priests , or bishops, but in an emergency such as danger of death, anyone can licitly baptize.
According to the Catholic Church, the means of grace that Christ entrusted to the Church are many. [1] They include the entirety of revealed truth, the sacraments and the hierarchical ministry. [1] [2] Among the principal means of grace are the sacraments (especially the Eucharist), prayers and good works. [3] [4] The sacramentals also are ...
Salvation in Catholic theology is intended for the whole of creation, not just for angels and people. [154] The Universe's salvation - i.e., being freed from evil and filled with all good things - will come at the end of time, as the Universe is unconditionally predestined for deification at the Last Judgment. [155]
Synergism is an important part of the salvation theology of the Catholic Church. [29] Following the Second Council of Orange (529), [ 20 ] the Council of Trent (1545–63) reaffirmed the resistibility of prevenient grace and its synergistic nature. [ 30 ]
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Fra Angelico's Baptism of Christ. Divine filiation is the Christian doctrine that Jesus Christ is the only-begotten Son of God by nature, and when Christians are redeemed by Jesus they become sons (and daughters) of God by adoption. This doctrine is held by most Christians, [1] [2] but the phrase "divine filiation" is used primarily by ...