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Transitive phrases, i.e. phrases containing transitive verbs, were first recognized by the stoics and from the Peripatetic school, but they probably referred to the whole phrase containing the transitive verb, not just to the verb. [10] [11] The advancements of the stoics were later developed by the philologists of the Alexandrian school. [10]
Often there is a semantic difference between the intransitive and transitive forms of a verb: the water is boiling versus I boiled the water; the grapes grew versus I grew the grapes. In these examples, known as ergative verbs, the role of the subject differs between intransitive and transitive verbs.
patient, experiencer; subject of an intransitive verb and direct object of a transitive verb: he pushed the door and it opened Basque | Tibetan: Absolutive case (2) patient, involuntary experiencer: he pushed the door and it opened; he slipped active-stative languages: Absolutive case (3) patient; experiencer; instrument: he pushed the door ...
Glosses for case should be used instead, e.g. ERG or NOM for A. [8] Morphosyntactic abbreviations are typically typeset as full capitals even when small caps are used for glosses, [9] and include A (agent of transitive verb), B (core benefactive), [10] D or I (core dative / indirect object), [11] E (experiencer of sensory verb), [12] G or R ...
S refers to the subject of an intransitive verb, A refers to the agent of a transitive verb, and P refers to the patient of a transitive verb. (The patient is sometimes also called undergoer or theme.) These are core arguments of a verb: Lydia (S) is sleeping. Don (A) is cooking dinner (P).
A complex aspect of phrasal verbs concerns the syntax of particle verbs that are transitive (as discussed and illustrated above). These allow some variability, depending on the relative weight of the constituents involved. Shifting often occurs when the object is very light, e.g. a. Fred chatted up the girl with red hair. – Canonical word ...
A verb that does not follow all of the standard conjugation patterns of the language is said to be an irregular verb. The system of all conjugated variants of a particular verb or class of verbs is called a verb paradigm; this may be presented in the form of a conjugation table.
Transitivity (grammar), a property regarding whether a lexical item denotes a transitive object; Transitive verb, a verb which takes an object; Transitive case, a grammatical case to mark arguments of a transitive verb