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The first high altitude observatory was constructed atop the 2,877 m (9,439 ft) Pic du Midi de Bigorre in the French Pyrenees starting in 1878, with its first telescope and dome installed in 1904. [3] Astronomical observations were also made from Mont Blanc in the late 1800s. [4]
The High Altitude Observatory (HAO) is a laboratory of the US National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). [1] HAO operates the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory on Hawaii and a research institute in Boulder, Colorado. Its staff conduct research and provide support and facilities for the solar-terrestrial physics research community.
Pic du Midi de Bigorre has a mediterranean alpine climate with a polar temperature regime due to its high elevation. Due to the Gulf Stream moderation of the surrounding lowlands, temperature swings are in general quite low. This results in temperatures rarely exceeding 20 °C (68 °F) even during lowland heat waves, and also temperatures ...
Hida Observatory, Kyoto University [5] 1968 Takayama, Gifu, Japan Heyden Observatory, Georgetown University: 1844 Washington, D.C., US High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory: 2015 Sierra Negra, Puebla, Mexico High Energy Stereoscopic System: 2002 Khomas Region, Namibia Highland Road Park Observatory: 1997 Baton Rouge, Louisiana, US Hinode: 2006
The Sphinx Observatory is an astronomical observatory located above the Jungfraujoch in Switzerland. It is named after the Sphinx , a rocky summit on which it is located. At 3,571 m (11,716 ft) above mean sea level, it is one of the highest observatories in the world .
The Haleakalā Observatory, also known as the Haleakalā High Altitude Observatory Site, is Hawaii's first astronomical research observatory. [1] It is located on the island of Maui and is owned by the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Hawaiʻi, which operates some of the facilities on the site and leases portions to other organizations.
The Indian Astronomical Observatory (IAO) is a high-altitude astronomy station located in Hanle, India and operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics. Situated in the Western Himalayas at an elevation of 4,500 meters (14,764 ft), the IAO is one of the world's highest located sites for optical, infrared and gamma-ray telescopes. [1]
The observatory operates the TAO 6.5m 6.5 m (260 in) optical-infrared telescope at the site. [3] The high altitude of the observatory is essential for its mission, as infrared light is absorbed by water vapor in the atmosphere, so it must be located at high altitude where the atmosphere is thin.