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Metronidazole and its metabolites are mainly excreted via the kidneys (77%) and to a lesser extent via the faeces (14%). [7] [8] The biological half-life of metronidazole in healthy adults is eight hours, in infants during the first two months of their lives about 23 hours, and in premature babies up to 100 hours. [61]
Metronidazole is an antibiotic with an off-label use in eradicating H. pylori for treating gastric ulceration. Resistance of metronidazole is above 15% worldwide. [ 32 ] It is likely to be resistant so is not the first line choice of treatment. [ 44 ]
The choice of urinary anti-infective agents in pediatric patients may differ from that in adults due to the potential harm they can cause to children. For example, the systemic use of fluoroquinolones is not appropriate in pediatric patients due to the potential risk of musculoskeletal toxicity.
Treatment for both pregnant and non-pregnant women is usually with metronidazole, [32] by mouth once. [31] Caution should be used in pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. [33] Sexual partners, even if they have no symptoms, should also be treated. [23] Single oral dose of nitroimidazole is sufficient to kill the parasites. [34]
Simply switching the patient from 40 mg of morphine to 10 mg of levorphanol would be dangerous due to dose accumulation, and hence frequency of administration should also be taken into account. There are other concerns about equianalgesic charts. Many charts derive their data from studies conducted on opioid-naive patients.
Metronidazole: Flagyl: Infections caused by anaerobic bacteria; also amoebiasis, trichomoniasis, giardiasis: Discolored urine, headache, metallic taste, nausea; alcohol is contraindicated: Produces toxic free radicals that disrupt DNA and proteins. This non-specific mechanism is responsible for its activity against a variety of bacteria ...
Common forms of antibiotic misuse include excessive use of prophylactic antibiotics in travelers and failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage of antibiotics on the basis of the patient's weight and history of prior use. Other forms of misuse include failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic ...
Common side effects include abdominal pain, headache, nausea, and weight loss. [2] There are concerns from animal studies that it may increase the risk of cancer but these concerns have not been found in human trials. [5] Nifurtimox is not recommended in pregnancy or in those with significant kidney or liver problems. [5] It is a type of ...