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PsyCap has positive correlation with desired employee attitudes, behaviors and performance. [9]A meta-analysis of 51 independent samples found strong, significant, positive relationship between PsyCap and desirable attitudes (e.g., satisfaction, commitment, and well-being), behaviors (e.g., citizenship) and performance (self, supervisor rated, and objective) and a negative relationship with ...
Defined by Luthans and Carolyn M. Youssef, PsyCap is "an individual's positive psychological state of development and is characterized by: (1) having confidence (self-efficacy) to take on and put in the necessary effort to succeed at challenging tasks; (2) making a positive attribution (optimism) about succeeding now and in the future; (3 ...
The levels of analysis of positive psychology have been summarized to be at the subjective level (i.e., positive subjective experience such as well being and contentment with the past, flow and happiness in the present, and hope and optimism into the future); the micro, individual level (i.e., positive traits such as the capacity for love ...
The emerging field of positive psychology also helps to creatively manage organizational behaviors and to increase productivity in the workplace through applying positive organizational forces. [5] Recent research on job satisfaction [6] and employee retention have created a great need to focus on implementing positive psychology in the workplace.
In the psychology literature, psychological capital is usually taken to comprise hope, self-efficacy, optimism, and resiliency. These four cornerstones of psychological capital are all attitudinal. Mental capital is not only positive attitudes but also includes certain key skills that allow one to produce such mental goods as self-esteem and ...
Positive psychology's emphasis on gainful employment has increased the amount of recent publications on gainful employment and its impact on quality of life and illnesses like depression. [3] Present measurements of employment emphasize decreasing the unemployment, as opposed to increasing gainful employment. Positive psychology argues that ...
Positive psychology began as a new domain of psychology in 1998 when Martin Seligman chose it as the theme for his term as president of the American Psychological Association. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It is a reaction against past practices that tended to focus on mental illness and emphasized maladaptive behavior and negative thinking.
Despite a large body of positive psychological research into the relationship between happiness and productivity, [1] [2] [3] happiness at work has traditionally been seen as a potential by-product of positive outcomes at work, rather than a pathway to business success. Happiness in the workplace is usually dependent on the work environment.