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  2. Glossary of sound laws in the Indo-European languages

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_sound_laws_in...

    asno law The word-medial sequence *-mn-is simplified after long vowels and diphthongs or after a short vowel if the sequence was tautosyllabic and preceded by a consonant. . The *n was deleted if the vocalic sequence following the cluster was accented, as in Ancient Greek θερμός thermós 'warm' (from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰermnós 'warm'); otherwise, the *m was deleted, as in Sanskrit ...

  3. Szemerényi's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szemerényi's_law

    The word-final sonorants other than *-n were sometimes dropped as well, which demonstrates that this law was already morphologized in the period of "PIE proper", and the long vowel produced was no longer synchronically viewed as the outcome of a process of fricative deletion. Exceptions to Szemerényi's law are found in word-final:

  4. Consonant voicing and devoicing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_voicing_and...

    For example, the English suffix -s is pronounced [s] when it follows a voiceless phoneme (cats), and [z] when it follows a voiced phoneme (dogs). [1] This type of assimilation is called progressive , where the second consonant assimilates to the first; regressive assimilation goes in the opposite direction, as can be seen in have to [hæftə] .

  5. Gemination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemination

    In the Tampere dialect, if a word receives gemination of v after u, the u is often deleted (ruuvi [ruʋːi], vauva [ʋaʋːa]), and lauantai 'Saturday', for example, receives a medial v [lauʋantai], which can in turn lead to deletion of u ([laʋːantai]). Distinctive consonant length is usually restricted to certain consonants and environments.

  6. Central Hessian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Hessian

    West Germanic [t] shifted to an affricate [ts] in initial and medial position, but to an fricate [s] if geminated or in final position. West Germanic [k] only shifted in non-geminated medial and final position, developing a front/back allophonic contrast between [x] and [ç]. WG [p] also only shifts in non-geminated medial and final position to ...

  7. Subject side parameter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject_side_parameter

    For example, the dominant word order in Mandarin Chinese and German shifted from SVO to SOV. In Modern Chinese , one factor for this shift is the productivity of compound verbs. This increase in compound verbs lead to an increase in post-positions such as le , bei and ba , which are used as aspect markers.

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  9. Australian English phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_English_phonology

    Some speakers use a glottal stop [ʔ] as an allophone of /t/ in final position, for example trait, habit; or in medial position, such as a /t/ followed by a syllabic /n/ is often realized as a glottal stop, for example button or fatten. Alveolar pronunciations nevertheless predominate. Pronunciation of /l/