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The glossopharyngeal nerve (/ ˌ ɡ l ɒ s oʊ f ə ˈ r ɪ n (d) ʒ i ə l,-ˌ f ær ən ˈ dʒ iː ə l / [1]), also known as the ninth cranial nerve, cranial nerve IX, or simply CN IX, [2] is a cranial nerve that exits the brainstem from the sides of the upper medulla, just anterior (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve.
Stylopharyngeus muscle; Salpingopharyngeus muscle; Palatopharyngeus muscle; During swallowing, these muscles act to shorten and widen the pharynx. They are innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve (CN X) with the exception of the stylopharyngeus muscle which is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX). [1]
The muscle is divided into four parts according to its four distincts origins: a pterygopharyngeal, buccopharyngeal, mylopharyngeal, and a glossopharyngeal part. The muscle inserts onto the pharyngeal raphe, and pharyngeal spine. It is innervated by pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus.
This nerve is involved together with the vagus nerve in the gag reflex. X Vagus: Both sensory and motor Posterolateral sulcus of Medulla: Located in the jugular foramen. Supplies branchiomotor innervation to most laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles (except the stylopharyngeus, which is innervated by the
The stylopharyngeus muscle is a muscle in the head. It originates from the temporal styloid process. Some of its fibres insert onto the thyroid cartilage, while others end by intermingling with proximal structures. It is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX). It acts to elevate the larynx and pharynx, and dilate the ...
The pharyngeal branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve are three or four filaments which unite, opposite the constrictor pharyngis medius, with the pharyngeal branches of the vagus and sympathetic, to form the pharyngeal plexus. Branches from this plexus perforate the muscular coat of the pharynx and supply its muscles and mucous membrane.
The pharyngeal plexus is a nerve plexus located upon the outer surface of the pharynx. It contains a motor component (derived from the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)), a sensory component (derived from the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX)), and sympathetic component (derived from the superior cervical ganglion). [1]
The pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve is the principal motor nerve of the pharynx. It represents the motor component of the pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve and ultimately provides motor innervation to most of the muscles of the soft palate (all but the tensor veli palatini muscle), and of the pharynx (all but the stylopharyngeus muscle). [1]