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Nearly all of these peoples and tribes spoke Indo-European languages: Italics, Celts, Ancient Greeks, and tribes likely occupying various intermediate positions between these language groups. On the other hand, some Italian peoples (such as the Rhaetians, Camuni, Etruscans) likely spoke non- or pre-Indo-European languages.
Map 1: Indo-European migrations as described in The Horse, the Wheel, and Language by David W. Anthony Map 2: Possible area of origin and migration route of Proto-Italic speaking people towards Italian peninsula Map 3: Ethnicities of today's Italy in 400 BC. The Italic tribes lived at this point in the south-central part of the Italian peninsula.
This led to the establishment of ancient Roman civilization. In order to combat the non-Italic Etruscans, several Italic tribes united in the Latin League. After the Latins had liberated themselves from Etruscan rule they acquired a dominant position among the Italic tribes. Frequent conflict between various Italic tribes followed.
Circular graves of Li Muri at Arzachena, one of the oldest megalithic sites in Italy Serra d'Alto culture ceramic vessel, late 5th millennium BC. Cardium pottery is a Neolithic decorative style that gets its name from the practice of imprinting the clay with the shell of Cardium edulis, a marine mollusk.
Ancient Roman writers thought the Umbri to be of Gaulish origin; [3] Cornelius Bocchus wrote that they were descended from an ancient Gaulish tribe. [4] Plutarch wrote that the name might be a different way of writing the name of a northern European tribe, the Ambrones , and that both ethnonyms were cognate with "King of the Boii ". [ 5 ]
Archaeologists discovered a 2,700-year-old tomb in Italy filled with over 150 artifacts, including chariots and bronze items, shedding light on Picene aristocrats.
Ethnolinguistic map of Italy in the Iron Age, before the Roman expansion and conquest of Italy.Veneti are in brown. The Veneti (sometimes also referred to as Venetici, Ancient Veneti or Paleoveneti to distinguish them from the modern-day inhabitants of the Veneto region, called Veneti in Italian) were an Indo-European people who inhabited northeastern Italy, in an area corresponding to the ...
An Oscan-speaking people, who originated as an offshoot of the Sabines, they formed a confederation consisting of four tribes: the Hirpini, Caudini, Caraceni, and Pentri. Ancient Greek historians considered the Umbri as the ancestors of the Samnites. [1] [2] [3] Their migration was in a southward direction, according to the rite of ver sacrum. [4]