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Draw reins in the western riding disciplines are always attached to the rings of the cinch (a western-style girth), usually on each side of a western saddle, run through the bit rings (either inside to outside or vice versa, there is no firm rule, though the rein moves more smoothly if the inside goes to the girth and the outside to the hand), and then to the hands of the rider.
Reins are used to direct a horse (or other animal) when riding or driving. They are attached to a bridle 's bit or noseband and are made of leather , nylon , or other materials. Reins are used to give subtle commands or cues—also known as rein aids —to ask for a turn, a slower speed, a halt, or to go backwards .
A terret or rein ring is a metal loop on a horse harness through which the lines (reins) pass to prevent them from tangling or getting snagged on the harness or shafts. [ 1 ] : 272 The lines run from the hands of the driver, through the terrets, and then attach to the horse 's bit to guide the horse.
The use of only a surcingle and side reins, a common component in basic horse training across all equestrian disciplines, is not usually considered a "bitting rig." It is the use of additional reins such as the overcheck, or the use of leverage to place the horse's head in a set position that turns a classic surcingle into a bitting rig.
"Narrow-back rein holders" were probably hung to the rider's waist. They worked as rein hooks, attached at the belt, for horse control. [4] "Broad-back rein holders" were probably fixed at the leading edge of the carriage to hold the reins. [3] They may also have been attached at the belt of the charioter for hands-free control. [5] [6]
The gag bit is a type of bit for a horse with sliding cheekpieces of rolled leather or chord that run through the bit rings, providing leverage that pulls the bit up into the corners of the horse's mouth. It is considered a severe bit used to provide more braking power.
The Liverpool bit is considered to be in the curb bit family. [6]: 169 It is made of metal and features a circular bit ring, topped by a smaller ring used to attach the bridle leather, and with two straight shanks with three places for attaching reins, which can create a powerful leverage effect.
Pulling on the reins can be used to steer or stop the horse. The sides of a horse's mouth are sensitive, so pulling on the reins pulls the bit, which then pulls the horse's head from side to side, which is how the horse is controlled. [1]: 159–161 On some types of harnesses there might be supporting rings to carry the reins over the horse's back.