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  2. Type introspection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_introspection

    The java.lang.Class [2] class is the basis of more advanced introspection. For instance, if it is desirable to determine the actual class of an object (rather than whether it is a member of a particular class), Object.getClass() and Class.getName() can be used:

  3. Input/output (C++) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/output_(C++)

    In the C++ programming language, input/output library refers to a family of class templates and supporting functions in the C++ Standard Library that implement stream-based input/output capabilities. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is an object-oriented alternative to C's FILE -based streams from the C standard library .

  4. Closure (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closure_(computer_programming)

    As of Java 8, Java supports functions as first class objects. Lambda expressions of this form are considered of type Function<T,U> with T being the domain and U the image type. The expression can be called with its .apply(T t) method, but not with a standard method call.

  5. Class (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)

    In object-oriented programming, a class defines the shared aspects of objects created from the class. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages , but generally the shared aspects consist of state ( variables ) and behavior ( methods ) that are each either associated with a particular object or with all objects of that class.

  6. Method (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_(computer_programming)

    Class methods are methods that are called on a class rather than an instance. They are typically used as part of an object meta-model. I.e, for each class, defined an instance of the class object in the meta-model is created. Meta-model protocols allow classes to be created and deleted. In this sense, they provide the same functionality as ...

  7. Comparison of Java and C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Java_and_C++

    C++ allows namespace-level constants, variables, and functions. In Java, such entities must belong to some given type, and therefore must be defined inside a type definition, either a class or an interface. In C++, objects are values, while in Java they are not. C++ uses value semantics by default, while Java always uses reference semantics. To ...

  8. Function overloading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_overloading

    The two different functions may be overloaded as Print(text_object T); Print(image_object P). If we write the overloaded print functions for all objects our program will "print", we never have to worry about the type of the object, and the correct function call again, the call is always: Print(something) .

  9. Constructor (object-oriented programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructor_(object...

    If the programmer does not supply a constructor for an instantiable class, Java compiler inserts a default constructor into your code on your behalf. This constructor is known as default constructor. You would not find it in your source code (the java file) as it would be inserted into the code during compilation and exists in .class file.