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A spontaneous rupture that occurs early in labor may actually be related to other complications resulting in delayed labor. These complications may include a contracted pelvis, breech presentation, or occipito-posterior position. PROM: premature rupture of membranes. This term describes a rupture of the membranes that occurs before the onset of ...
The classic triad of the vasa praevia is: membrane rupture, painless vaginal bleeding and fetal bradycardia or fetal death. Prior to the advent of ultrasound, this diagnosis was most often made after a stillbirth or neonatal death in which the mother had ruptured her membranes, had some bleeding, and delivered an exsanguinated baby.
If it occurs before 37 weeks it is known as PPROM (preterm prelabor rupture of membranes) otherwise it is known as term PROM. [ 2 ] Treatment is based on how far along a woman is in pregnancy and whether complications are present. [ 2 ]
It usually occurs during labor but can occur anytime after the rupture of membranes. [1] [5] The greatest risk factors are an abnormal position of the baby within the uterus and a premature or small baby. [2] Other risk factors include a multiple pregnancy, more than one previous delivery, and too much amniotic fluid.
Normally, it occurs spontaneously at full term either during or at the beginning of labor. A premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a rupture of the amnion that occurs prior to the onset of labor. An artificial rupture of membranes (AROM), also known as an amniotomy, may be clinically performed using an amnihook or amnicot in order to induce ...
Risk factors include vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC), other uterine scars, obstructed labor, induction of labor, trauma, and cocaine use. [1] [4] While typically rupture occurs during labor it may occasionally happen earlier in pregnancy. [3] [1] Diagnosis may be suspected based on a rapid drop in the baby's heart rate during labor.
Placental abruption occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies. [5] Along with placenta previa and uterine rupture it is one of the most common causes of vaginal bleeding in the later part of pregnancy. [6] Placental abruption is the reason for about 15% of infant deaths around the time of birth. [2] The condition was described at least as early as ...
The vessels are hence normally protected by Wharton's jelly, which prevents rupture during pregnancy and labor. [10] In velamentous cord insertion, the vessels of the umbilical cord are improperly inserted in the chorioamniotic membrane, and hence the vessels traverse between the amnion and the chorion towards the placenta.