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Letrozole, sold under the brand name Femara among others, is an aromatase inhibitor medication that is used in the treatment of breast cancer for post-menopausal women. [ 1 ] It was patented in 1986 and approved for medical use in 1996. [ 4 ]
Intake of food does not affect the extent of absorption, but it has a small reducing effect on the rate of absorption. It takes 2–6 weeks of treatment to reach 90-95% of the steady-state serum concentration. [26] Letrozole distributes rapidly around the body and is thoroughly distributed to tissues.
Ramelteon is a melatonin receptor agonist with both high affinity for melatonin MT 1 and MT 2 receptors and selectivity over the non-human MT 3 receptor. Ramelteon demonstrates full agonist activity in vitro in cells expressing human MT 1 or MT 2 receptors, and high selectivity for human MT 1 and MT 2 receptors compared to the non-human MT 3 ...
Psychophysiological insomnia is anxiety-induced. Idiopathic insomnia generally begins in childhood and lasts for the rest of a person's life. It's suggested that idiopathic insomnia is a neurochemical problem in a part of the brain that controls the sleep-wake cycle, resulting in either under-active sleep signals or over-active wake signals.
A circadian rhythm is an entrainable, endogenous, biological activity that has a period of roughly twenty-four hours. This internal time-keeping mechanism is centralized in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of humans, and allows for the internal physiological mechanisms underlying sleep and alertness to become synchronized to external environmental cues, like the light-dark cycle. [4]
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome (BZD withdrawal) is the cluster of signs and symptoms that may emerge when a person who has been taking benzodiazepines as prescribed develops a physical dependence on them and then reduces the dose or stops taking them without a safe taper schedule.
Based on adult criteria and PSG analysis, studies showed prevalence of isolated PLMD in children population with no other comorbidity about 1.2 to 1.5%. There was also evidence for 5.6 to 7.7% of children with PLMI > 5/hr. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] Periodic limb movements during sleep are associated with a lower quality of life in children with ...
Elagolix is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain associated with endometriosis in premenopausal women. [1] Endometriosis is a condition in which the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus, grows outside of the uterus into surrounding tissues and causes symptoms such as pelvic pain and infertility. [13]