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The Sahel region (/ s ə ˈ h ɛ l /; from Arabic ساحل (sāḥil) 'coast, shore'), or Sahelian acacia savanna, is a biogeographical region in Africa. It is the transition zone between the more humid Sudanian savannas to its south and the drier Sahara to the north.
The Sahel forms a belt up to 1,000 km wide, spanning Africa from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea Main article: History of West Africa The Sahelian kingdoms were a series of centralized kingdoms or empires that were centered on the Sahel , the area of grasslands south of the Sahara , from the 8th century to the 19th.
There were many kingdoms and empires in all regions of the continent of Africa throughout history. A kingdom is a state with a king or queen as its head. [1] An empire is a political unit made up of several territories, military outposts, and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a dominant centre and subordinate peripheries".
The Tuaregs have been one of the influential ethnic groups in the spread of Islam and its legacy in North Africa and adjacent Sahel. [18] Timbuktu , an important Islamic center famed for its ulama , was established by Imasheghen Tuareg at the start of the 12th century. [ 53 ]
The Songhai Empire was a state located in the western part of the Sahel during the 15th and 16th centuries. At its peak, it was one of the largest African empires in history. The state is known by its historiographical name, derived from its largest ethnic group and ruling elite, the Songhai people.
The history of Southern Africa has been divided into its prehistory, ... The area located at the south of the desert is a steppe, a semi-arid region, called the Sahel.
The Fula, Fulani, or Fulɓe people [a] are an ethnic group in Sahara, Sahel and West Africa, widely dispersed across the region. [22] Inhabiting many countries, they live mainly in West Africa and northern parts of Central Africa, South Sudan, Darfur, and regions near the Red Sea coast in Sudan.
The insurgency in the Sahel spread to Burkina Faso in 2015, beginning with an attack on a gendarmerie by alleged Boko Haram members. In 2016, the amount of attacks spiked after a new group, Ansarul Islam was founded by imam Ibrahim Malam Dicko .