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In humans, the epicranial aponeurosis originates from the external occipital protuberance and highest nuchal lines of the occipital bone. [1] It merges with the occipitofrontalis muscle. In front, it forms a short and narrow prolongation between its union with the frontalis muscle (the frontal part of the occipitofrontalis muscle).
An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell rapidly rises and falls. [1] This depolarization then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarize. Action potentials occur in several types of excitable cells, which include animal cells like neurons and muscle cells, as well as some plant cells.
Note that the amplitude and the exact shape of the action potential can vary according to the exact experimental technique used for acquiring the signal. Biological neuron models , also known as spiking neuron models , [ 1 ] are mathematical descriptions of the conduction of electrical signals in neurons .
A: Aponeurosis. The epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which anchors the above layers in place. It runs from the frontalis muscle anteriorly to the occipitalis posteriorly. L: Loose areolar connective tissue. This layer has a gel-like consistency, and allows the more superficial layers of the ...
Figure FHN: To mimick the action potential, the FitzHugh–Nagumo model and its relatives use a function g(V) with negative differential resistance (a negative slope on the I vs. V plot). For comparison, a normal resistor would have a positive slope, by Ohm's law I = GV, where the conductance G is the inverse of resistance G=1/R.
An aponeurosis (/ ˌ æ p ə nj ʊəˈr oʊ s ɪ s /; pl.: aponeuroses) is a flattened tendon [1] by which muscle attaches to bone or fascia. [2] Aponeuroses exhibit an ordered arrangement of collagen fibres, thus attaining high tensile strength in a particular direction while being vulnerable to tensional or shear forces in other directions. [ 1 ]
During the action potential before the hyperpolarization phase, the membrane is unresponsive to any stimulation. This inability to induce another action potential is known as the absolute refractory period. During the hyperpolarization period, the membrane is again responsive to stimulations but it requires a much higher input to induce an ...
It inserts into the epicranial aponeurosis. [2] the frontal belly, near the frontal bone. [1] It originates from an intermediate tendon that connects to the occipital belly. [2] It inserts in the fascia of the facial muscles and in the skin above the eyes and nose. [2] Some sources consider the occipital and frontal bellies to be two distinct ...