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Guyana, [b] officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, [12] is a country on the northern coast of South America, part of the historic mainland British West Indies.
The legacy of British colonialism is reflected in the country's political administration, lingua franca and diverse population, which includes Indian, African, Indigenous, Chinese, Portuguese, other European, and various multiracial groups. Guyana is the only mainland South American nation in which English is the official language.
Before the arrival of European colonials, the Guianas were populated by scattered bands of native Arawak people. The native tribes of the Northern amazon forests are most closely related to the natives of the Caribbean; most evidence suggests that the Arawaks immigrated from the Orinoco and Essequibo River Basins in Venezuela and Guiana into the northern islands, and were then supplanted by ...
The country became "one of the poorest" in the region. [127] Blackouts occurred almost daily, and water services were increasingly unsatisfactory. The litany of Guyana's decline included shortages of rice and sugar (both produced in the country), cooking oil, and kerosene. While the formal economy sank, the black market economy in Guyana ...
Most of Guyana's reserves of bauxite, gold, and diamonds are found in this region. [1] The largest of Guyana's three geographical regions is the interior highlands, a series of plateaus, flat-topped mountains, and savannahs that extend from the white sand belt to the country's southern borders. [1]
An enlargeable relief map of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Guyana: . Guyana – previously known as British Guiana, is the only nation state of the Commonwealth of Nations on the mainland of South America. [1]
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English is the official language of Guyana, which is the only South American country with English as the official language. [22] [23] Guyanese Creole (an English-based creole with African and Indian syntax) is widely spoken in Guyana. [22] A number of Amerindian languages are also spoken by a minority of the population.