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Nancy Roman oversaw the development of the Orbiting Solar Observatory program from 1961 to 1963. [2] The basic design of the entire series featured a rotating section, the "Wheel", to provide gyroscopic stability. A second section, the "Sail", was driven electrically against the Wheel's rotation, and stabilized to point at the Sun.
The satellite's Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO) platform included a solar-oriented sail and a rotating wheel section. Ball Aerospace was the primary contractor for design and construction, and provided the attitude control and determination computer programs. [6]
The Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO) satellites were a series of four American space observatories launched by NASA between 1966 and 1972, [1] managed by NASA Chief of Astronomy Nancy Grace Roman. These observatories, including the first successful space telescope, provided the first high-quality observations of many objects in ...
The first ultraviolet spectrum of the Sun was obtained in 1946, [21] and NASA launched the Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO) to obtain UV, X-ray, and gamma-ray spectra in 1962. [22] An orbiting solar telescope was launched in 1962 by the United Kingdom as part of the Ariel programme , and in 1966 NASA launched the first Orbiting Astronomical ...
OSO 3 (Orbiting Solar Observatory 3), or Third Orbiting Solar Observatory [2] [3] (known as OSO E2 before launch) was launched on March 8, 1967, into a nearly circular orbit of mean altitude 550 km, inclined at 33° to the equatorial plane. Its on-board tape recorder failed on June 28, 1968, allowing only the acquisition of sparse real-time ...
OSO 7 or Orbiting Solar Observatory 7 (NSSDC ID: 1971-083A), before launch known as OSO H is the seventh in the series of American Orbiting Solar Observatory satellites launched by NASA between 1962 and 1975. [2]
“Once S/2002 N5’s orbit around Neptune was determined using the 2021, 2022, and 2023 observations, it was traced back to an object that was spotted near Neptune in 2003 but lost before it ...
The Orbiting Astronomical Observatory 2 (OAO-2, nicknamed Stargazer) was the first successful space telescope (first space telescope being OAO-1, which failed to operate once in orbit), launched on December 7, 1968. [3] An Atlas-Centaur rocket launched it into a nearly circular 750-kilometre (470 mi) altitude Earth orbit. [4]