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Wood splitting (riving, [1] cleaving) is an ancient technique used in carpentry to make lumber for making wooden objects, some basket weaving, and to make firewood. Unlike wood sawing, the wood is split along the grain using tools such as a hammer and wedges, splitting maul, cleaving axe, side knife, or froe.
Here, is the green mass of the wood, is its oven dry mass (the attainment of constant mass generally after drying in an oven set at 103 ± 2 °C (218 ± 4 °F) for 24 hours as mentioned by Walker et al., 1993). The equation can also be expressed as a fraction of the mass of the water and the mass of the oven dry wood rather than a percentage.
A cleaving axe or cleaver is a form of axe used within green woodworking to split wood lengthways. Cleaving (riving) is used to turn a log into lumber or billets (short or thick pieces of wood) into firewood. Splitting axe is sometimes described as an old name for a splitting maul [1] or froe.
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Batoning a piece of wood. Batoning is the technique of cutting or splitting wood by using a baton-sized stick or mallet to repeatedly strike the spine of a sturdy knife, chisel or blade in order to drive it through wood, similar to how a froe is used.
Some species of wood are better assembled green because wood splits less when nailed green. Other species shrink excessively, leaving voids between the individual pieces when allowed to dry. Often wood to be used for fine products, such as furniture, is kiln dried to stabilize it and minimise the shrinkage of the finished product.
Even the lightest-duty machines will split two cords of green, frozen 8 in (20 cm) Aspen into halves 16 in (41 cm) long quickly. Changing any one of these optimal variables (condition, temperature, size, species, number of splits, or length of round) will reduce the rate of output, making meaningful comparison between manufacturers' claims ...
A given froe can split a piece of wood no wider in its narrowest dimension than the length of the froe's blade; that is, when you place the froe, it must cross the surface of the wood completely. A froe is also unlike an axe or maul in that the froe can be placed exactly where the user would like the split to begin. With the exception of users ...