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An inflammatory cytokine is a type of cytokine (a signaling molecule) that is secreted from immune cells and certain other cell types that promotes inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines are predominantly produced by T helper cells ( T h ) and macrophages and involved in the upregulation of inflammatory reactions. [ 1 ]
Cytokines are important in health and disease, specifically in host immune responses to infection, inflammation, trauma, sepsis, cancer, and reproduction. The word comes from the ancient Greek language : cyto , from Greek κύτος, kytos , 'cavity, cell' + kines , from Greek κίνησις, kinēsis , 'movement'.
OSM is a pleiotropic cytokine that belongs to the interleukin 6 group of cytokines. [6] Of these cytokines it most closely resembles leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in both structure and function. [6] As yet poorly defined, it is proving important in liver development, haematopoeisis, inflammation and possibly CNS development. It is also ...
Cancer immunology (immuno-oncology) is an interdisciplinary branch of biology and a sub-discipline of immunology that is concerned with understanding the role of the immune system in the progression and development of cancer; the most well known application is cancer immunotherapy, which utilises the immune system as a treatment for cancer.
Cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) cells are a group of immune effector cells featuring a mixed T- and natural killer (NK) cell-like phenotype.They are generated by ex vivo incubation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or cord blood mononuclear cells with interferon-gamma (), anti-CD3 antibody, recombinant human interleukin (IL)-1 and recombinant human interleukin (IL)-2.
Cellular immunity protects the body through: T-cell mediated immunity or T-cell immunity: activating antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells that are able to induce apoptosis in body cells displaying epitopes of foreign antigen on their surface, such as virus-infected cells, cells with intracellular bacteria, and cancer cells displaying tumor antigens;
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncotherapy) is the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, improving the immune system's natural ability to fight the disease. [1] It is an application of the fundamental research of cancer immunology (immuno-oncology) and a growing subspecialty of oncology.
MIP-1α and MIP-1β are major factors produced by macrophages and monocytes after they are stimulated with bacterial endotoxin [5] or proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β. [4] But it appears that they can be expressed by all hematopoietic cells and some tissue cells such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells or ...