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Between the two buffer regions there is an end-point, or equivalence point, at about pH 3. This end-point is not sharp and is typical of a diprotic acid whose buffer regions overlap by a small amount: pK a2 − pK a1 is about three in this example. (If the difference in pK values were about two or less, the end-point would not be noticeable ...
The dissociation constant is commonly used to describe the affinity between a ligand (such as a drug) and a protein; i.e., how tightly a ligand binds to a particular protein. Ligand–protein affinities are influenced by non-covalent intermolecular interactions between the two molecules such as hydrogen bonding , electrostatic interactions ...
Carbonic acid is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H 2 C O 3. ... AH concentration as a function of the difference between pK and pH.
Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon "drug" and kinetikos "moving, putting in motion"; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to describing how the body affects a specific substance after administration. [1]
The concentration of the species LH is equal to the sum of the concentrations of the two micro-species with the same chemical formula, labelled L 1 H and L 2 H. The constant K 2 is for a reaction with these two micro-species as products, so that [LH] = [L 1 H] + [L 2 H] appears in the numerator, and it follows that this macro-constant is equal ...
At pH 1 or lower, the phosphoric acid is practically undissociated. Around pH 4.7 (mid-way between the first two pK a values) the dihydrogen phosphate ion, [H 2 PO 4] −, is practically the only species present. Around pH 9.8 (mid-way between the second and third pK a values) the monohydrogen phosphate ion, [HPO 4] 2−, is the only species ...
In the chemical and pharmaceutical sciences, both phases usually are solvents. [2] Most commonly, one of the solvents is water, while the second is hydrophobic , such as 1-octanol . [ 3 ] Hence the partition coefficient measures how hydrophilic ("water-loving") or hydrophobic ("water-fearing") a chemical substance is.
The pKa's occur in two distinct ranges because deprotonations occur on separate phosphate groups. For comparison with the pK a 's for phosphoric acid are 2.14, 7.20, and 12.37. At physiological pH's, pyrophosphate exists as a mixture of doubly and singly protonated forms.